The US Senate voted 52-48 on Tuesday to end Donald Trump’s tariffs on Brazilian imports, including coffee, beef, and other products, marking a rare bipartisan rebuke of the former president’s trade policies. The vote included five Republicans—Lisa Murkowski, Susan Collins, Rand Paul, Thom Tillis, and former Senate leader Mitch McConnell—joining all Democrats to support the measure. The approval came on the 28th day of a federal government shutdown, as both parties continued to clash over spending legislation. The resolution, introduced by Democratic Senator Tim Kaine of Virginia, seeks to overturn the national emergency Trump invoked to justify the tariffs. However, the legislation faces long odds in the Republican-controlled House, which has acted to prevent any rollback of the tariffs. Even if the bill were to reach Trump’s desk, he would likely veto it. “Tariffs are a tax on American consumers. Tariffs are a tax on American businesses. And they are a tax that is imposed by a single person: Donald J. Trump,” Kaine said in a Senate floor speech, highlighting the economic impact of the trade restrictions. The vote revealed growing unease among some Republicans about Trump’s trade approach. “Tariffs make both building and buying in America more expensive. The economic harms of trade wars are not the exception to history, but the rule,” McConnell said in a statement. Rand Paul, the sole Republican co-sponsor of the bill, criticized the use of emergency powers to impose tariffs. “Emergencies are like war, famine, tornado. Not liking someone’s tariffs is not an emergency, it’s an abuse of the emergency power and it is Congress abdicating their traditional role in taxes,” he said. Trump implemented 50% tariffs on Brazil, citing the prosecution of his far-right ally, former President Jair Bolsonaro, as justification. Bolsonaro was convicted in September and sentenced to 27 years for attempting a military coup in 2022. Trump declared the situation in Brazil a “national emergency” in July, arguing that recent government actions posed an unusual and extraordinary threat to the United States. Kaine criticized the move as an “end-run” around Congress. He noted that the US ran a $7 billion trade surplus with Brazil last year and questioned how Bolsonaro’s prosecution could constitute a national emergency for the US. Trump defended his tariffs as part of a broader strategy to protect American workers and consumers. Most Senate Republicans have not openly opposed him. On Tuesday, Vice President JD Vance attended their weekly lunch to reaffirm the administration’s trade policies as “very successful,” according to Senator Josh Hawley. Hawley pointed to Trump’s Asia tour and a series of trade deals, including a framework to reduce tariff tensions with China. Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva met Trump on the sidelines of a regional summit in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and both leaders expressed optimism about reaching a trade agreement. Some Senate Republicans said they would wait for a Supreme Court ruling on Trump’s authority to impose global tariffs under the Emergency Economic Powers Act before opposing the president. Lower courts have previously ruled that the president exceeded legal authority. “There’s a case in front of the Supreme Court, we’ll see how that case plays out,” Senator Kevin Cramer said. The Senate’s renewed push to rescind tariffs follows an April vote when four Republicans joined Democrats to support rolling back tariffs on Canada. Earlier efforts to block Trump’s “Liberation Day” tariffs failed due to absent supporters, showing the challenge of overturning the president’s trade measures. The Senate vote illustrates a rare moment of bipartisan cooperation against Trump’s trade agenda, signaling growing scrutiny of the economic impact of unilateral tariffs and the use of emergency powers in trade policy.